Which of the following indicates an accumulation of fluid in the extracellular space of tissues?

The accumulation of fluid in the extracellular space of tissues is referred to as edema. This condition occurs when there is an imbalance in the mechanisms that regulate fluid homeostasis, leading to excess fluid being trapped in the tissue spaces. Edema can result from various factors such as increased capillary permeability, reduced oncotic pressure, or obstruction of lymphatic drainage.

In contrast, hemorrhage pertains specifically to the escape of blood from the vascular system, often resulting in bruising or more serious internal bleeding. Exudate refers to fluid that is rich in protein and cellular debris that leaks out of blood vessels due to inflammation or injury, and it is typically associated with conditions such as infections. An abscess is a localized collection of pus typically caused by infection, representing an accumulation of inflammatory cells, dead tissue, and fluid but not a general extracellular fluid accumulation.

Thus, edema is the term that accurately describes the situation of fluid buildup within tissue spaces in a way that differentiates it from hemorrhagic, inflammatory, or infectious conditions.