Which process is characterized by excessive inflammation and is involved in the repair of damaged tissues?

Granulation is the process characterized by excessive inflammation and plays a crucial role in the repair of damaged tissues. During this process, new connective tissue and small blood vessels form at the site of injury, appearing as red, bumpy tissue. This is essential for healing as it provides a scaffold for the regeneration of tissue and is part of the body's natural response to injury.

The granulation tissue is highly vascularized, which means it is rich in blood vessels, allowing for the delivery of nutrients and oxygen to the healing tissue, as well as the removal of waste products. Additionally, granulation tissue contains fibroblasts, which are instrumental in laying down collagen, essential for strength and structural integrity during the healing process.

In contrast, hyperemia refers to an increase in blood flow to a specific area, which may initiate inflammation but does not encompass the full repair process. Suppuration involves the formation of pus usually in the context of an infection and is not primarily about tissue repair. Canalization is the process of forming channels in tissues and is less relevant in the context of the direct repair process compared to granulation.